I also find the use of professional titles outside of a professional context comes off as elitist, snobby, or just weird.
I have trouble even imagining a context in which I would ever consider using a title not in a professional context. Even using Mr./Ms./Sir/Ma'am, etc. I can only imagine using if I were to be talking to a complete stranger--i.e. stranger at the store drops their wallet and I'm trying to get their attention and they are 10 feet away or something like that. But in reality I can't remember the last time I used one of those formal titles. Usually just "Excuse me..." said in the person's direction is enough to get their attention. But in those cases I would have no way of knowing what professional titles they might have. And if I knew them enough to know their professional title (like they were a neighbor, acquaintance, etc.) how could we not be on a first name basis? I can't remember ever not being on a first name basis with anyone except in professional contexts, or familial contexts, or as a child referring to parents of my friends (even then, often we did first names). And I can't remember the last time someone referred to me as Ms. LastName. Phone calls, being called back at the doctor/dentist, etc. it's always FirstName LastName.
I have a Ph.D. and am a professor. I either go by first name with undergrad students or Professor X. In every department I've experienced in my field, it is only undergrads who are expected to use "Professor" or "Dr."--grad students, other professors, other instructors without Ph.D.s, administrators, secretarial staff, they all are on first name bases. I think the idea is just that it's good for undergrads to maintain a certain kind of distance (social, emotional, intellectual) from their professors which doesn't hold true in exactly the same way for colleagues, grad students and professors, professors and staff, etc.
The whole "I earned it" thing doesn't make any sense to me. Why should any random person in life care that I have a Ph.D. unless they are interested in my research, a student in one of my courses, a grad student I am advising, or someone else in the university to whom my teaching/research/advising/etc. matters?
So yeah I'd think you were kind of an *** if you insisted on being called by a title outside of a professional context. I'd think it pretty darn odd if you took offense to being called by your actual name--FirstName LastName--too! Maybe it's regional or generational in part. But I'll admit right after I got my doctorate I happened to be applying for a credit card and the application asked if there was a title or suffix to be used. I put in FirstName LastName Ph.D. It was just fun to see it in writing just weeks after I got the degree when it was still hard to believe I was finally done with grad school! Of course that excitement wore off in a few weeks. Now I still get mail from that credit card company--though I never use it--addressed that way and think it's so odd looking. I guess someone who insists on the title in non-professional contexts would remind me of the credit card thing--like they are way overly excited to have some letters before or after their name.