How did Eisner go about trying to "dump" the parks, as someone posted earlier?
Its said that when Eisner agreed to become CEO of Disney that he had never set foot inside a Disney park.
When Eisner was given the Disney gig, he had been second in command at Paramount Pictures and was in the process of being fired for his failure in the Paramounts Fourth TV Network project (this was before Fox created their network). All he knew was movies and television series. So when he moved onto the Disney lot, his only interest was in making more movies and making more TV series.
He needed money to do this. Disneys funds were low; they had just spent a billion dollars to create EPCOT Center in Florida. Eisner hated theme parks (theyre for low class people) and he especially hated EPCOT. Eisner didnt like any of the future-y stuff, was confused by the rides and thought it was a horrible business decision. Because for all the money Disney would make from EPCOT Center over the next twenty-five years, Eisner could make a dozens movies and recoup the money in a couple summers (Eisner got his big break in Hollywood by being the genius who pushed
Flashdance into production he never let quality get in the way of a buck).
One of the takeover plans that caused the crisis which brought Eisner to the company in the first place involved a plan to break up Disney. Led by oil man Marvin Davis, a group would have bought The Company then sold off the bits and pieces. Eisner thought this idea was swell as far as the parks went.
The focus was the hated EPCOT Center. Eisner would sell the entire park to a capital firm and receive a huge chunk of cash up front. Disney would then lease back the park and operate it, paying rents and royalties to the capital firm. The outside company would also be free to lease out or sell more restaurant and retail space, build hotels and otherwise use the land to make money beyond Disneys rent payment. Over time, the capital firm would receive back more in rent, lease payments and additional revenue than they would have paid Disney up front. And Eisner would have several million dollars immediately to throw at Robin Williams, Bette Midler, Warren Beatty and other people much more important than theme park goers.
By all accounts Frank Wells was appalled at the plans. While the margins at EPCOT Center werent as good as from the Magic Kingdom, the new park was radically changing the nature of Walt Disney World. Instead of just being a day stop for the family, WDW was finally becoming the vacation destination that Walt had envisioned. Adults without children soon outnumbered families. Conventions and meetings were clamoring for space. The average length of stay was growing longer and per guest spending was soaring as people enjoyed the fine dining of World Showcase instead of the quick hamburgers of the Magic Kingdom. For the first time in a decade, WDW was a must see attraction for the average vacationer.
Selling EPCOT Center would endanger all this new found money.
But Eisner wanted his movie funds now! So an alternative form of movie financing had to be developed. This turned out to be the Silver Screen Partnerships. Instead of having investors put up money for just one movie at a time, Disney would go after large capital firms to give them lots of money, which would be pooled and used to make several movies. The risk normally associated with movies would be minimized (if you make ten movies at least one should be a hit) which would interest mainstream financial types. And with the potential huge windfalls coming in from a hit film, the up side was much greater than any traditional type of corporate investment. While Disney would loose profit on the back end, they would get the cash up front and also be insulated against the flops that were bound to happen.
Eisner agreed, if only because the partnership was going to be faster to arrange than a billion dollar real estate transaction. Then EPCOT Center really got lucky. Disney hit upon a string of low budget hits that generated huge windfalls for Silver Screen
Down and Out in Beverly Hills,
Three Men and a Baby,
Ruthless People and all the other Betty Ford Clinic Comedies[/i] of that period. Investors were demanding to be allowed to invest in Disneys hit machine and the company was flooded with more money than it knew what to do with. There was no need to sell anything.
Then a second stroke of luck hit. Eisner had always been a big architecture fan. When the dust settled from a lawsuit over hotel development near EPCOT Center, Eisner found himself in a position to indulge his whims. He hired an architect he long admired, Michael Graves and let him loose. The Swan and Dolphin Hotels, whatever you think of them, were major buildings in the world of high fashion architecture. Suddenly Eisner found himself being hailed as a hero, as a Patron of the Arts, and as Benefactor of Merit, and all the other accolades an industry throws on someone who gives them lots of undeserved money.
All of this went to Eisners head. Along with all the press he was getting about the rebounding Disney Studios and the booming parks he saw himself as a Master of the Universe and the parks as one of his precious realms. The thought of losing any of them was unthinkable. And Eisner discovered that the parks were his playthings too. He could force hip and happening into EPCOT Center by using Saturday Night Live characters in The Wonders of Life, he could fill an entire park with the right kind of people with the Disney/MGM Studios
his business genius would fill every corner of Disney theme parks just as his brilliant mind filled every movie that Disney made!
and then Euro Disney opened. But thats another thread.
By the time Eisner got around to wanting to sell the parks again, the merger with Capital Cities was well underway. While Euro Disney had destroyed all the expansion plans Disney had, the purchase of ABC destroyed the companys financial position even through today. The network required boatloads of cash. The studio was no longer churning out hit after hit. The stores were marginal businesses to begin with and without new plush characters they were on a slope they would never recover from. The only bright spot in the company remained the parks. Year in, year out, they pumped cash out of the ground like oil.
Disney could no longer afford to part with the parks.
P.S. Bob "The Poddle" Iger was an executive at ABC long before Disney bought CapCities. He ran the network for over a decade. If the executive ran a single business unit so poorly that it directly lead to a decade's long crash in the stock price, calls for his removal, and year after year of disasterous ratings and earning...what makes you think he's going to run the parent company well?