Basilique du Sacré Coeur (yah, I was spelling it wrong, OK)
http://www.sacre-coeur-montmartre.com/us/index.html
A Bit of History
After the Franco-Prussian War of 1870, it was proposed to construct a church to the Sacred Heart on the butte Montmartre. Although originally the fund raising was by public subscription, in 1873, the National Assembly declared its construction to be a state undertaking. Of the 78 entries in the competition for its design, the one chosen was by the architect named Abadie. He was already well known for his restoration of the St-Front Cathedral in Périgueux.
The plans for the new basilica called for an edifice of Romano-Byzantine style, and the first stone was laid in 1875. Abadie himself died in 1884 with only the foundation having been completed.
Completed in 1914, it was not consecrated until 1919 after World War I had ended. The final cost was 40 million francs. Since 1885, there has been perpetual adoration and worship within.
The interior of the church contains one of the worlds largest mosaics, and depicts Christ with outstretched arms. The nearby bell tower contains the ``Savoyarde''. Cast in Annecy in 1895, it is one of the worlds heaviest at 19 tons.
Notes
From the top of the Dome, there is a panoramic view in all directions extending over 30 kilometers.
(From a small brochure available free in the Basilica
Montmartre
Revered scene where the first martyrs of Paris met their death, and site of a famous abby of Benedictine nuns, visited by Saint Bernard, Saint Joan of Arc, Saint Ignatius Loyola, Saint Francis Xavier, Berulle (found of the Oratorians) and Olier.
The Basilica of the Sacred Heart
This Basilica, in Romano-Byzantine style, was build, as the mosaic above the choir reminds us, to accomplish a vow made in consequence of the extreme need of France and of the Church in 1870. Despite the obstacles encountered by the builders, work was brought to asuccessful conclusion thanks to a law passed by the National Assembly and above all to the countless humble offerings sent from all over France. Saint Theresa of the Infant Jesus, Father de Foucauld, the poet Max Jacob, the painter Utrillo, Pius XII, John XXIII often prayed here, as well as the ordinary people, in times of distress : 1914, 1940, Budapest, Algeria. John Paul II came in 1980.
Perpetual Adoration
Above the high alter a monstrance containing the bread which has become the body of Christ through the mass, has been solemny exposed since 1885 for the uninterrupted adoration during the night as during the day. Those who take part in this prayer of adoration are the link between Christ and the people of their social sphere, of their country and of the entire world which the far-reaching view the avis enables them better to recall to mind.
The architecture / The construction
· The architect is Paul ABADIE, but six architects succeeded him before the building was completed.
· The style is Romano-byzantine,
that is to say in contrast with the gothic style of medieval churches such as Notre Dame of Paris (1163-1240)
- The style was inspired by models such as Saint Sophia at Constantinople, Saint Mark's at Venice or Ravenna.
Key dates:
- 1875 : Laying of the foundation stone, and then several months work on the foundations : underpinning pits 33 meters deep are needed. Filled up, they become the pillars on which the edifice rests. Without these pillars, the Basilica would sink into the clay.
- 1878 : Work begins on the crypt
- 1881 :Work begins on the Basilica itself
- 1914 : All is ready for the consecration including the tower containing the "Savoyarde" a 19 tons bell. But the First World War breaks out (1914-1918)
1919: Consecration on the 16th of October 1919
Interior:
Also in romano-byzantine style
The great mosaïc was created between 1900 and 1922.
The stained-glass windows were installed between 1903 and 1920.
They were destroyed by bombing in 1944 and restaured in 1946.
The great organ is by Cavaillé- Coll.
Dimensions :85 meters wide, 35 meters long.
The Dome is 83 meters high.
The Cupola is 55 meters high and 16 meters wide.
From in front of the Basilica, you can see the whole city of Paris. A visit to the dome at a height of 200 meters above sea-level provides a panorama of 50 kms all around. It is thus the highest point in Paris after the Eiffel Tower (built in 1889!)
At its consecration, the church was titled a basilica, that is to say a place of pilgrimage.