Deluxe resorts (at least at WDW) give you bigger rooms (not hugely bigger, but bigger), usually two queens and a twin sized day bed. The room theming is 'nicer'...seems more upscale. The bathroom areas are nicer....sometimes split into two sections. These rooms have either balconys or patios..usually. These resorts have more themed pool areas, with nicer, more fun slides. They offer at least one table service restuarant. The pool areas have hot tubs..again, usually. The Polynesian, for instance, has rooms that don't have either a balcony or a patio. And there are no hot tubs there.
The deluxe resorts usually offer multiple methods of transportation...usually the ability to get to at least one park without having to use a bus...GF, and the Polynesian use the monorail or small boat to get to MK. CR offers the ability to walk or take the monorail.
The moderate resorts offer a bit less. They usually have one table service spot, in addition to a good sized food court. The pools are nicely themed with slightly lesser slides. There are no balconys or patios....motel style bldgs...doors open right to the outside public walkways. There are hot tubs. The rooms are a bit smaller and have room for four..sometimes double beds, sometimes queen beds. There is a curtain blocking off the vanity area from the sleeping area, which is nice. A fridge is now included in these rooms.
The values offer rooms that are a smidge smaller than the moderate rooms. I think they also offer the curtain arrangement. There are no table service restaurants. I can't remember if there are hot tubs or not...I don't think so, but could be wrong. There are no slides at any pools. The theming is bright, colorful and sometimes over the top.
That's a basic breakdown. Do I have any issue staying at a value after staying deluxe?? Nope, not a bit. I own at both BWV and BLT..so obviously stay 'deluxe' a lot. But if I'm not using my DVC points, you can find me at Pop. I love Pop. My dh??? Yeah, not so much. He wants the ability to walk to both Epcot and DHS. But, other than that, he has no issue with Pop. Just hates using buses all the time.
While the deluxes are more 'upscale', I don't think they are all that deluxe when comparing them to true deluxe resorts/hotels in the real world. I'm not sure what amenities they offer that I can't get at a value or moderate resort. I don't eat at my resort very often. I don't use hot tubs since they seem to attract young kids who think of them as small heated swimming pools. There are usually just three of us traveling, at the most, so the room size isn't a huge issue. I think the deluxes tend to just gussy up the surroundings. I think they are just a bit nicer than moderates, and basically fancier than values. But, I'm in the minority here. I think there is something to be said for every level of resort at WDW. I have friends who like 'deluxe' accomodations. Their first WDW trip they stayed at the Polynesian..and loved it. When we traveled to WDW together, we couldn't afford the Polynesian, but I loved POR (DxLs when I first stayed there), so we booked there. And I think the other couple was a bit surprised at the resort. It was a bit bare bones for them. In fact, when this mom and her dd traveled with me and my dd, to celebrate the girls' 13th birthdays, we stayed at BWV. I got a two bedroom....they took the second bedroom which is basically a studio villa attached to a one bedroom villa. She was horrified to find that she wasn't going to get fresh towels every day!!! I had to give her the majority of our towels. Good thing they plan for four in the one bedroom and give you towels for that many!! There was no way that other mom was going to be happy with using the same hand towel two days in a row.
So....I guess it's different strokes for different folks. Depends on what you are used to and what you want in a resort room.