February 21, 2012
Minors Access to Contraceptive Health Care
Laws and Procedures Vary by State
In the United States, each state has different laws and policies about whether or not minors anyone under the age of 18 may get contraceptive prescriptions and counseling from a health care professional. Twenty-one states explicitly allow all minors to consent to contraceptive services without parental permission.
Twenty-five states permit minors to consent to contraceptive services in one or more circumstances. The vast majority allow a married minor to recieve contraceptive services. Three states allow minors to consent to contraceptive services if a physician determines that the minor would face a health hazard otherwise. A few states allow a minor who is a parent or has ever been pregnant to consent to services. Ten states allow a minor to consent if the minor meets other various requirements, including being a high school graduate, reaching a certain age, demonstrating maturity, or receiving a referral from a specified professional, such as a physician or member of the clergy.
Four states have no explicit policy on whether or not minors may consent to contraceptive services. Even when a state has no clear policy or law, physicians may decide to provide medical care to a mature minor without parental consent, particularly if the state allows a minor to consent to other related health services.
STATE
CONDITIONS FOR OBTAINING CONTRACEPTIVE SERVICES
Alabama
Minors over 14 years, who have completed HS, who are married, or who have a child may get any health care services.
Alaska
All minors with no restrictions.
Arizona
All minors with no restrictions.
Arkansas
All minors with no restrictions.
California
All minors with no restrictions.
Colorado
All minors with no restrictions.
Connecticut
Minors who are married.
Delaware
For minors who are 12 and over, the physician may, but is not required to, inform the parents.
District of Columbia
All minors with no restrictions.
Florida
Minors who require contraceptives for health reasons, who are married, have a child, are pregnant, or who have ever been pregnant.
Georgia
All minors with no restrictions.
Hawaii
For minors 14 and over, the physician may, but is not required to, inform the parents.
Idaho
All minors with no restrictions.
Illinois
Minors who require contraceptives for health reasons, who are married, have a child, are pregnant, who have ever been pregnant, or who have a refrral.
Indiana
Minors who are married.
Iowa
All minors with no restrictions.
Kansas
Minors who are mature.
Kentucky
All minors with no restrictions. However, the physician may, but is not required to, inform the parents.
Louisiana
Minors who are married.
Maine
Minors who require contraceptives for health reasons, who are married, or have a child.
Maryland
All minors with no restrictions. However, the physician may, but is not required to, inform the parents.
Massachusetts
All minors with no restrictions.
Michigan
Minors who are married.
Minnesota
All minors with no restrictions. However, the physician may, but is not required to, inform the parents.
Mississippi
Minors who are married, have a child, or who have a referral.
Missouri
Minors who are married.
Montana
All minors with no restrictions. However, the physician may, but is not required to, inform the parents.
Nebraska
Minors who are married.
Nevada
Minors who are married. Minors who have a child or who are mature may get any health care services.
New Hampshire
Minors who are mature.
New Jersey
Minors who are are married, pregnant, or who have ever been pregnant may get any health care services.
New Mexico
All minors with no restrictions.
New York
All minors with no restrictions.
North Carolina
All minors with no restrictions.
North Dakota
No explicit policy.
Ohio
No explicit policy.
Oklahoma
Minors who are are married, pregnant, or who have ever been pregnant.
Oregon
All minors with no restrictions. However, the physician may, but is not required to, inform the parents.
Pennsylvania
Minors who are are married, pregnant, have ever been pregnant, or graduated HS may get any health care services.
Rhode Island
No explicit policy.
South Carolina
Minors who are married, 16 or over, or who are mature.
South Dakota
Minors who are married.
Tennessee
All minors with no restrictions.
Texas
Minors who are married. State funds may not be used.
Utah
Minors who are married. State funds may not be used.
Vermont
Minors who are married.
Virginia
All minors with no restrictions.
Washington
All minors with no restrictions.
West Virginia
Minors who are married.
Wisconsin
No explicit policy.
Wyoming
All minors with no restrictions.
Source: "Minors Access to Contraceptive Services," State Policies in Brief, AGI, Dec 1, 2005. (pdf)
http://www.contracept.org/minorsaccess.php