I hope someone reads this that can truely offer advice. I have one DD13 and I am guessing I have saved maybe 100K> However per the advice of my dad and college admissions - it is best to look broke when applying for aid. I have since started liquidating her college fundn to pay her 12k tuition a year at a private school. So by the time she finishes highschool, her "college" fund will be empty except her Roth Fund.
This advice is unfortunately doled out way too often.
The general (and very general) way FAFSA looks at assets/income -- income is the most important component -- they will take a HUGE chunk of it (about 25% - 30%, there is a portion that is protected based on the number in the family, but this is generally what I have found in the past 2 yrs of FAFSA we have filled out for our family of 4) and allot that to what they expect you can pay for the year. They will take about 6% of the parent's savings - there is a holdback number based on the age of the parents. They will not look at parent's retirement savings. Money in a 529 is considered a parent's asset - so they still only take 6% of that into consideration (I know it sounds ridiculous and is counter-intuitive). Income and assets of the student - they take about 30% of that.
They also 'put back' into your income any untaxed 401k contributions - they feel that you should be using that money for tuition instead.
Now, if you're applying to a private school that uses PROFILE or their own financial aid form - they may or may not take more of your hard assets and expect you to tap into equity.
So, in really simple math, and really approximating as an example
$100k income, $10,000k in savings, $100k in 529 - EFC will be about $36,600
$100k income, 0 in savings - EFC will be about $30,000
$30k income, $200k savings, $200k 529 - EFC will be about $34,000
Of course, these are just suggested numbers as to what you can pay - if you go to a 'does not meet need' school, these numbers mean nothing and the person in the 3rd example will be very happy they saved all of that money.
This is something that I learned after being shocked by my EFC number sending my daughter - I wish someone had it explained it to me better to me back then.
I suggest that everyone look at the collegeconfidential boards - there is a lot of valuable information there. You will see a lot of complaining on the financial aid boards around January.