That's an easy answer but it just doesn't hold water. We had standardized tests every three years way back when I was in school over thirty years ago and that didn't hinder us from learning anything. Sometimes the basic memorization, spelling and math drills really do work. And kids are always going to have to take tests (though some are getting away from that - let's just pass everyone whether they are learning or not). There has to be a way to hold schools accountable, and the fact is that over the past few decades, there is a big difference in the lack of basic skills that kids who are entering college have mastered. Part of the reason is that more and more students are going to college who maybe should not be. There are often higher paying jobs in the trades industry and many more opportunities. There are thousands of young people graduating with a bachelor's degree every year who end up in minimum wage jobs and piles of debt.
I had only 2 days each year of California standardized testing in my New York Public school years.
In Massachusetts ,starting in 3rd grade,my kids have had 4 to 6 days of testing every year: two sessions math, two sessions reading comprehension, and some years 1 session composition and 1 session science. The schedule for the tests, retests, makeups and deadlines is 4 1/2 pages.
http://www.doe.mass.edu/mcas/1516schedule.pdf It really is a heavy administrative burden. I used to work in a MA High School and trying to attach teacher accountability to standardized testing was not as easy to implement as people thought. MA chose to have graduation requirements of passing English, Math and Science MCAS tests. Most students took the Biology MCAS for their science MCAS. The school changed Biology from a Sophomore course to a Freshman course to give students more time to pass a retest if necessary. They added a half year Freshman course designed to supplement the Biology course. A new 2 year Biology course was added for the students that would have a hard time passing the test. A biology course was offered specifically for students who failed the first time. So at the end Biology is taught to all Freshman by the Biology teachers. How can that be reasonably used to hold the Chemistry, Physics, Anatomy, Marine Science etc. teachers accountable? The accountability issue was stretched so even Physical Education teachers were held accountable for English MCAS scores.
I think Regents in New York State had the best system. Each Academic High School course could be non-Regents or Regents level. The area to be covered was well defined. All students taking a Biology Regents course took the same test at the end of the year. All Chemistry students took the Chemistry Regents exam at the end of the year. If a student took 3 science courses and passed the 3 Regents exam then they received a Regents science certificate and the same for English and History and not sure about the rest because it was 35 years ago! I imagine that could be used to compare teacher effectiveness if their student makeup was taken into account.
However the Education system is not going to fix the employment situation. It was predicted that there would be a high demand for Chemical Engineers and I earned a Bachelor's degree in Chemical Engineering. I graduated in time for the oil collapse and for most chemical manufacturing companies to move overseas. It is not that we are poorly educating the majority of our students but that there are too few jobs that pay enough to support a family even if both parents work. Wages are stagnant or decreasing where I am. Expenses have skyrocketed.
Finland took a completely opposite approach to improving their educational system 40 years ago. Paying the teachers MORE, having them work LESS, and restricting teaching to the top 10% of graduates.
http://www.businessinsider.com/finland-education-school-2011-12?op=1
When smart women were restricted in their job choices the teacher population benefited. But now women with smarts and drive and dedication have more choices.
The perception of the US Educational system as having problems is widespread but there are many good schools doing good work.
My Husband is very critical of the public school system despite having never attended nor ever working in a public school. So I think his perception is based entirely on negative " News".