Two answers /two perspectives, but not at odds with one another -- then my own conclusion:
First answer: No, protection of the environment has not gone too far. Not at all.
Case in point: We're doing some remodeling on our house, and we went to the dump earlier this week to get rid of some tile and other old stuff that we ripped out. Seeing all that stuff that we as a society have dumped was not a pretty site: pallets and pallets of old stoves ... huge hills with stuff like the tile I was dumping. How can this continue? How many years will my tile lie under the earth? It was sobering, and (even though the products we were dumping were 49 years old and were falling apart) I was ashamed to add to the problem.
You say, "Oh, but recycling!" What does that really mean? It means we sell the plastic to another country, where a fairly small percentage of it is chipped up another product. I think most of us kinda think -- if we think at all, "My water bottle gets cleaned and goes right back to the shelf" -- no, not at all. So much energy and time goes into making it usable again. And a whole lot of it ends up in the landfill.
We as a planet cannot afford to continue to use single-use disposable plastic items. Yogurt cups, disposable cutlery, K-cups and more -- we cannot afford them. Think about it: every plastic fork your grandfather ever used is still in a landfill. It's kind of "invisible" to us in America, but we are the ones causing the problem, and we are the ones who need to improve our wasteful ways. Something I read earlier this week: If the Pilgrims who came over on the Mayflower had used plastic like we do, all that stuff would still be rattling around today, and America would be covered in plastic waste. That's what we are imposing on future America. And why? For a few minutes of convenience. We can't continue.
Second answer: We're focusing on the wrong things.
Plastic straws and cup lids aren't the main culprits. Yes, they're a problem, but they're small and not nearly so problematic as all those water bottles and plastic food packaging. Changing out perfectly good things because we've grown tired of the colors or we just want something new is a real problem. We need to focus on the big-deal items first.
My conclusion: We each need to do what we can.
What does that mean? Bringing plastic bags to the grocery stores is easy. Carrying your own reusable water bottle is easy. Refusing to buy foods in individual plastic packaging (fruit cups, puddings) is easy. Earlier this week -- after my trip to the dump -- I read that 40% of all plastic goes into one -use items, and practically none of it actually ends up being made into something else.
Carrying a YETI cup and silverware /refusing plastic forks at coffee places or fast food restaurants is more work, but not really hard. Searching for second-hand clothing takes more effort than going to the mall, but it also isn't really hard. Committing to keeping your old countertops even though HGTV says they're "dated" is actually easier than replacing them.
On the other hand, finding a new way to bring meat home from the grocery store is hard, as is buying shampoo without a plastic bottle.
If we each do the easy things, it will make a difference in the problem. If we don't, it's just going to continue to grow and grow and grow.