Just FYI, it is rather common for the locks to get broken off of suitcases by the sorting machinery; it uses squeeze rollers to shunt the bags through, and the locks catch in the rollers sometimes. For that reason, an attempt to get a claim out of TSA on the grounds that they took a lock off and didn't put it back is probably going to be more trouble than it is worth. I really doubt that fines happen too often, unless someone catches the failure with a camera phone or something like that.
Now I'm sure that baggage handlers in general are fine folks who have a really physically demanding job, but it is just too tempting for thieves to try to sign up for this work and get away with it, at least for awhile. If it isn't pilfering, it's smuggling -- there is just no way to put sufficient oversight into the bag rooms. All a handler has to do is "lose" a bag for awhile and get into it with bolt cutters while on break, or slash it and say that he got it off the machine in that condition.
Taking out the battery doesn't make electronics safe. (Taking out the hard drive would at least secure your data, but if they won't allow you to take the laptop, why would they allow you to take the hard drive or the battery instead?) Give me a laptop without a battery, and $30 on ebay puts it right back into commission. Laptops are PRIME resale fodder, and investing $30 or so in a commercial-quality machine that can net you $2K used is a no-brainer.
I would say that anytime you have a situation where checking electronics is being required, the answer is to ship them ahead with full insurance, and make sure that all data that you cannot afford to lose is backed up somewhere, preferably on a network as well as in portable memory.