I'm not sure why the OP is interested in the row in front of or behind an exit row. If the OP's plan to sit in an exit row and to put their young children in the row in front or in back of them, that's not allowed.
Adults who are responsible for the safety of their children seated anywhere on the aircraft are not allowed to sit in an exit row because they are considered not qualified to perform the duties required of exit row occupants under those circumstances.
Airlines enforce this rule. For airlines that pre-assign seats, if
anybody on the same PNR (reservation record) is less than 15 years old or is disabled, then
nobody on the PNR can sit in an exit row.
Yes, people try to violate this rule, and sometimes they succeed. A gate agent or flight attendant should catch most violators.
Here are exit row rules for Southwest (which does not preassign seats):
http://www.southwest.com/html/travel-extras/inflight-experience/emergency-exit.html
"A passenger seated in an exit seat must not have a condition or responsibilities, such as caring for small children, that might prevent them from performing the applicable functions."