529 Plan vs. Education IRA -- Pros and Cons

ammo

DIS Veteran
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Mar 20, 2007
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We are looking into setting up college funds for our kids and are trying to sort through the options. Do you have any thoughts about the advantages and disadvantages of 529s vs. education IRAs, particularly as they relate to the following?

- Tax advantages
- Contribution limits
- Withdrawals
- Contributions by grandparents
- Effect on student financial aid

Any insights are appreciated!
 
There is no such thing as an Education IRA. You can use ROTH IRA money toward college funding but at a limited amount. The tax treatments are the same for both, except with the ROTH you can only take out $10,000 for education expenses vs the 529 where you can use all of it.

If you don't use all of the 529 money for education expenses you can pass the money down to another child or close relative. If you don't want to do that you can save the money for retirement and take the money out taxed as ordinary income.

Anyone can contribute to the 529. Each state has their own plan and some have very good tax benefits or matching funds so if a Grandparent lives in a state with a better plan then you do, have the grandparents take the plan out--you can still contribute to the fund though.

529 money will count toward Financial Aid as will any money taken from a ROTH during college years. 529 money has to be used during college years to get the tax free use but if your child receives a scholarship you can remove 529 money equal to the scholarship amount in the year in which the scholarship was received without tax penalties too.

ROTH limit is $5000/person/year, 529 is something like $200,000 but contributions may be subject to gift taxes so anything over $13,000 might be taxed.
 
There is no such thing as an Education IRA. You can use ROTH IRA money toward college funding but at a limited amount. The tax treatments are the same for both, except with the ROTH you can only take out $10,000 for education expenses vs the 529 where you can use all of it.

If you don't use all of the 529 money for education expenses you can pass the money down to another child or close relative. If you don't want to do that you can save the money for retirement and take the money out taxed as ordinary income.

Anyone can contribute to the 529. Each state has their own plan and some have very good tax benefits or matching funds so if a Grandparent lives in a state with a better plan then you do, have the grandparents take the plan out--you can still contribute to the fund though.

529 money will count toward Financial Aid as will any money taken from a ROTH during college years. 529 money has to be used during college years to get the tax free use but if your child receives a scholarship you can remove 529 money equal to the scholarship amount in the year in which the scholarship was received without tax penalties too.

ROTH limit is $5000/person/year, 529 is something like $200,000 but contributions may be subject to gift taxes so anything over $13,000 might be taxed.

There is a Coverdall Education Savings Account which was once call an Education IRA.

We started with a Education IRA but switched to a 529. I would go with the 529 and pick a credit card that makes contributions to the fund. Also open up an upromise account to also make contributions.
 
There is a Coverdall Education Savings Account which was once call an Education IRA.

We started with a Education IRA but switched to a 529. I would go with the 529 and pick a credit card that makes contributions to the fund. Also open up an upromise account to also make contributions.

It is still a Coverdall Plan and not an IRA. An IRA is an Individual RETIREMENT Account, thus it is not an education savings plan.
 

I thought a 529 was nicknamed an "education IRA"....but it isn't an IRA--as others have pointed out...the "R" stands for retirement.

As far as all your tax questions...no clue!

There is a contribution limit yearly--but no idea what it is.

And the college pre-pays are still considered a 529--but they are separate b/c they are not investments. So you can set up for that AND do the 529 investment plan as well. (an investment advisor told me 529 just refers to the portion of the tax code that covers it and the pre-pay plan falls in there).
 
I thought a 529 was nicknamed an "education IRA"....but it isn't an IRA--as others have pointed out...the "R" stands for retirement.

As far as all your tax questions...no clue!

There is a contribution limit yearly--but no idea what it is.

And the college pre-pays are still considered a 529--but they are separate b/c they are not investments. So you can set up for that AND do the 529 investment plan as well. (an investment advisor told me 529 just refers to the portion of the tax code that covers it and the pre-pay plan falls in there).

That's what we are looking into. The college pre-pay. I'm just starting to gather information about it.
 
If your kids are young, the pre-pay is a great deal. I only wish I had started with the pre-pay instead of a 529.
 
If your kids are young, the pre-pay is a great deal. I only wish I had started with the pre-pay instead of a 529.

Ours are, I wish I had started them off when they were first born. Tuition increases are crazy!
 
That's what we are looking into. The college pre-pay. I'm just starting to gather information about it.

We have those--I like them b/c you don't know where college tuition costs will go. The unfortunate thing is...depending on how the state sets them up, they could have problems. One state's plan went bust in the past couple of years--but I forget the state.

Our state's is pretty solvent. But again--the risk you take with it...it isn't an investment and if your child isn't within a certain time period of graduation and the program has to fold, all you get back is the money you put into it and no interest, no nothing.

My only issue witha 529...is trying to guess what a safe investment amount will be so that you can roughly have what you need when it is time to go to school.

Even comparing what we paid for my 9yo versus now what we paid for my 3yo in Florida...the difference is jaw dropping. I'd have to do some serious digging...but my dd's tuition plan was less than $10K or hovering right around it. My 7yo was about $3K more....and though we waited on my 3yo, it still would have been a significant jump if we started him at the first opportunity....but we started it this year and his tution *+ differential (new mandatory thing in Florida for all students beginning in the fall)...$30,000. BIG difference from my 9yo and her original plan. We thought it was crazy until we looked at the Virginia plan--and it runs about $40-$50K for a newborn (roughly, don't recall exact amount).

With our 4th child, we may not do a plan and just do straight investments. This is due to the plans being transferrable and the possibility that at least one will get a scholarship--then we'll just bump the plans on to the 4th. We'll see how it goes. But I don't think we'll buy the Virginia plan.
 
It is still a Coverdall Plan and not an IRA. An IRA is an Individual RETIREMENT Account, thus it is not an education savings plan.

You're really splitting hairs. When it was first introduced it was commonly called an an Education IRA even though the name wasn't exactly correct.
 











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