I know there are people who say it's impossible, but I've been on 2 "Great Alaskan Running Cruises" (one on HAL and one on RCCL)with a couple of nights before and/or after in Seattle and have done those in carry-on only.
And to note, there were 4 "races" that I needed my running clothes, shoes, handheld water bottle, and visor for. Plus a swimsuit for the spa room a la the Rainforest on Disney. Plus regular clothes for the days we were not "racing" AND for after the "races. As well as clothes for dinner - especially on HAL where they were stricter about the dress code.
It's all about rolling and condensing (I used 2-gallon ziplock bags) the clothes, limiting the shoes to the minimum (in my case I had running shoes, "retired" running shoes for walking around, flip flops, and sandals for evening, and finding hair-care such as bar shampoo and conditioner, etc.
Definitely doable!