Well, I guess it would depend on what the penalties were for not paying up, and what the tax was for. If there was little penalty and the tax was for something stupid, like lining the pockets of a ruler instead of something good for the people being taxed, if enough people didn’t pay then perhaps the tax would be repealed.
These days, I don’t know if there would be enough people willing to band together against a tax, but since it was a situation like this that created our country, I can’t say it couldn’t happen.