Doctors (especially residents) have to work like that often. And of course in the military when fighting in the field.
I think the issue they have is that trains are delayed and often the work that they do depends on being on call once they come in. But the points system with almost no room (even for illness or other things beyond the control of the employee) does seem almost like indentured servitude. They could of course make it easier on employees by having more workers available, which is what airlines tend to do.[snip]
That's true, but in those jobss, the demand is normally for a short period of time, or if it is longer; there are compensations, such as the military providing housing, meals, and onsite medical care when serving in combat, and often extra pay as well.
US freight railroads are, I think, unique in the world, in that the cost of the entire infrastructure is privately paid. Trucking companies are not made to build/maintain all our roads, nor pay landowners for the right of way to drive on them. (They pay some in the form of special taxes that take wear & tear of road structures into account, but nothing close to the entire cost.) Railroads are made to buy the rights of way, and lay & maintain their own track, in addition to the cost of labor and the rolling stock, which not only drives up their operating cost percentage relative to other forms of freight carriage, but also puts not only workers, but members of the public at risk of incidental harm. Those added costs create much greater incentive for railroads to systematically cut corners on safety.
Apparently one of the other points the Union was fighting for was having 2 operators on duty. If you've ever witnessed the damage that derailment of an out-of-control large freight train can cause, you know that having only one human on hand to operate it is a VERY bad idea. It's all too easy for an exhausted operator to fall asleep for a few minutes, let alone what could happen if the driver had a major health crisis like a heart attack while alone at the controls.
Why is it that we only seem to ask these kinds of insanely long work shifts of people who do dangerous jobs? Train operators, soldiers, physicians; one of the few other things all those jobs have in common is the probability that exhausted inattention is very likely to cause another person(s) to be hurt or even killed. We all have a vested safety interest in ensuring that such workers are well-rested and as healthy as possible while on duty. For rail freight, if that increases the cost of cars or animal feed or even bread a wee bit, well, I think it's money well-spent.