Okay, I’m going to try hard not to turn this into a 10-page thesis, because I could go on and on this topic, lol! The short version is this:
1. Most people pronate: pronation is a normal, natural movement that is important. A “normal” landing typically lands toward the center of the foot, rolls inward, then rolls off the big toe.
2. Some people “over” pronate - meaning they both land on the medial side of the foot and roll inward more than whoever is assessing them thinks they should. Sound subjective? It is. Because amount of pronation on its own does not account for strength, flexibility, mechanics throughout the rest of the runner’s chain, etc. Some people “over” pronate a ton and suffer no ill consequences from running in neutral shoes, including a huge number of elites. Some people feel better in stability shoes, even though they maybe don’t need that much support: that’s fine, too.
3. A much smaller number of people under-pronate, also termed over-supination. This is a bit nuanced, but mostly means they don’t pronate at all, or not enough, and tend to both land on the outside of the foot and roll off outward.
I am, to quote one fitter who actually understood my mechanics, “dead neutral” on one side, and under-pronate on the other - which for ME is normal because it’s compensation for scoliosis and just how my mechanics need to work. I’m also a forefoot striker: I land on the balls of my feet, lever heels downward to almost touch the ground, then roll back off my toes. I’m also a dancer, with highly flexible, but strong, feet and ankles. Most shoe store employees do not have the knowledge to figure me out: they see some lateral movement and are trained to think “stability shoes.” When what actually works best for me is no interference at all with my natural mechanics. Throw any amount of medial stability in there, and it forces tension into my IT Bands to resist being rolled outward. That creates friction on bursas in my knee and hip, which HURTS!
Same. They’re not as great as the Torin 5 was for me, but acceptably okay. I’ve been trying the Flow and Flow Wilds lately, which are 4mm drops, and am pretty happy with those, though: the Wild is a trail-light shoe, which gives it more firmness - the Flow I find a bit squishier than I’d like, but is good for slower efforts.