The vote is, as was mentioned earlier, largely symbolic. It became more of a discussion with the recent immigration changes made by the US. Other countries are re-evaluating entry requirements. I don't see it actually changing anytime soon.
Each country determines how it will handle immigration. Even those that require a visa will often issue the visa upon arrival if you are only planning to stay a short time. I've visited India a few times and they require a visa be issued in advance. The visa can be valid for up to 10 years, depending on what the current policy decision is when they issue the visa. Japan will issue a visa upon arrival and place it in your passport. When you leave, they check that information and will remove it. This is why you need so many passport pages.
Be sure to check your passport not only for expiration date, but number of available passport pages. Some countries will only issue a visa if you have at least 2 blank passport pages. They will use one for the visa and the other for entry stamps, which reflect the date of entry. As for expiration date, most will require that your passport have at least six months remaining before expiration, upon entry.
Another thing people sometimes forget is that sometimes a conviction for a minor offense in the US is considered a major conviction by another country. That could bar you from entry. Canada, for example, does not allow anyone who has had a DUI or even a petty theft conviction into their country, at the discretion of the boarder agent.
Bottom line is, before you visit a foreign country, be sure to check their entry requirements. It may not only be the visa you have to worry about. Some over the counter medications are not allowed AT ALL in some countries while others might require the original bottle or even a copy of the original perscription (for perscription medications).
There are often exceptions for passengers entering the country via a cruise ship since they know that people visiting that way don't tend to overstay and they have an opportunity to check all names on the manifest.