No birth certificate
One trick for passports - open an account on an online storage site like adrive.com. Scan the passport and store the image there. That way in an emergency he'll be able to access/print a copy anywhere there is Internet access.
Email is the least expensive way to stay in contact assuming he has Internet access. If you had enough time, I'd recommend getting an unlocked GSM world phone and buying an Italian SIM card - rates would likely be a lot less expensive than your international roaming.
If you have time get him an secure passport holder or wallet and brief him on how to avoid pickpockets.
You may still have time to get
trip insurance - coverage for medial, emergency evacuation, etc.
You can get a prepaid Visa travelcard or cash card at
AAA - since traveler's checks have gone out of style. They offer similar theft protection to traveler's checks. The cash card can be used at ATM's worldwide.
Don't panic.