For the cruise, you have 4 tipped positions, the head server, your server, assistant server and stateroom attendant. This tip is I believe $12 per person in your party per day broken up between them. I'll check my cruise booklet for the amout per position for the whole cruise, it's in there.
Some people like to bring treats for the CM in the clubs, or just to hand out, I never have but with the abundance of Halloween candy, and the fact that we'll be out there a week ahead of time, I may buy a bag and hand them out this cruise.
On your excursions, it's usual to tip your guide if you have one. This would be someone who is telling you about where you are, it's history, why it's cool, etc., not just a guy who drives a bus. We tipped maybe $20 for our family of four in the past for a whole day excursion YMMV.
For you dolphin trip, you'll want to tip your cab driver, and possibly your encounter leader. I'd take around $100 with you to pay for cabs and tips over and above your excursion cost. You may not need that much, I don't know what it'll cost to get there by cab, but I'm always better safe that sorry!