I have told my friend to check with HR to look into FMLA. I don't think it is fair to say that she took advantage of the situation...In fact, the reason she brought up to me was that she planned to use her vacation days and sick days for the doctors' visits instead of going in late.
She was my co-worker many years ago, hence I knew the type of work she did. She is exempt, but does require "coverage", which is very rare, because clients/co-workers normally called them direct on their cells and it is 7/24. In her work, there are a lot of (unpaid) overtime hours, or sometimes weekend work, what normally happens is that they would go in late, work from home, or take a day off ("undocumented" comp time with manager's approval). I understand it depends on the "employer" (in fact, mainly the manager), but it is a common practice and I have seen this in all the companies I have worked for and so does she.
(Now I understand why she has this problem, because in her current company, she doesn't get the "comp time").
Before she accepted the job, she told the manager's manager that she need time to see doctors (she didn't know about the diabetes at the time) but for different reason. She was told her it was okay and they were flexible. It was a reason she accepted the job.
Even I listed all the conditions, and I checked with her just now that she didn't take care of all of them, she stopped the physical therapy when she took this job. She would get her manager's okay to go into the office late for doctor's visits on average around (or below) once a month for the last year. She has worked in this job more than a year (it is "new" in my sense). Examples of the visits were mammography, twice for the regular check up, a few dental appointments, when her primary doctor found out she has diabetes, the primary doctor asked to see her before the 6 months check up, then primary doctor sent her to see an endocrinologist who initially wanted to see her in a month, she dragged it on so that she saw the endocrinologist after 3 months and she has seen the endocrinologist twice. She mainly scheduled the appointments at 8:00 am so that she could be in the office no later than 10:00 am.
However, in her office, her team is the only team that works 9 to 6 and she was asked to work overtime quite often and knew about it in the morning (there were a few months she had overtime 50% of the month). There were two reasons she began to think about getting STD for the doctors' visits or tried to find out what she legally can do...
a. She felt that her manager has stabbed her when she tried to use a sick day for doctors' visits.
b. The 2 surgeries in 10 days ( I am surprised someone even questioned whether it was a medical necessity as if she likes to spend the vacation days for surgery). She had an appointment with an ophthalmologist on 12/14 at the recommendation of the endocrinologist, the ophthalmologist noticed she had a zist (??) near her right eye, hence recommended her to remove it and it was done last week (her vacation week). Then the second appointment was for a podiatrist, her foot was hurting, it turned out to be an ingrown toenail, hence a minor surgery on the same day, but a follow up visit last week (her vacation week). She will also have a follow up visit this week to remove the stitches (her vacation time).
Hence she planned to her vacation time to see doctors, but she is trying to find out what she legally can use..Given the amount of overtime work she is required to do, if her manager were not happy for her to come in late or leave early for follow up visits or regular check up but felt that it was okay to ask her for frequent overtime work, I don't think that she is taking advantage of the situation...but just that she has a mean boss.
Obviously, if she is using her vacation time or unpaid FMLA for doctors' visits, she may as well take care of her back pain and see her gynecologist.