IMPLICATIONS OF RESTRICTING THE USE OF FOOD STAMP BENEFITS
Introduction
By most standards, almost all American diets are in need of improvement, and obesity has
emerged as the Nations most pressing health and nutrition issue. Because of concerns about
poor diet, overweight, and obesity among low-income Americans, there is considerable interest
in using Federal nutrition assistance programs to promote healthy choices. Some argue that food
stamp recipients should be prohibited from using their benefits to buy foods with limited
nutritional value (commonly described as junk foods).1 The Food Stamp Act currently places
few limits on the use of food stamp benefits, as long as they are used to buy food to eat at home.
The idea of restricting the use of food stamp benefits may be appealing on its face. However,
upon closer examination, serious concerns emerge regarding the feasibility and rationale for the
proposed restriction.
No clear standards exist to define foods as good or bad, or healthy or not healthy;
Food restrictions would pose major implementation challenges and increase program
complexity and costs;
Restrictions may not change the nature of participants food purchases;
No evidence exists which indicates that food stamp benefits directly contribute to poor food
choices and negative dietary outcomes, such as obesity.
Making Distinctions among Foods
It is not a simple task to draw a bright line between foods that contribute to a healthy diet and
those that do not. Common sense suggests avoiding foods that are low in nutrients but high in
some combination of calories, fats, added sugars, and salt. In practice, however, drawing the
distinction between healthy and unhealthy foods is far more difficult.
The Dietary Guidelines for Americans, MyPyramid, the American Dietetic Association, and
most nutritionists take a total diet approach to communicate healthful eating advice, placing
emphasis on the overall pattern of food eaten, rather than any one food or meal. Mainstream
nutrition guidance embodies the concept that there are no bad foods, only bad diets. Thus, the
most common advice is to go easy on or limit foods with limited nutritional value and stay
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