Ok DVCgirl,
Careful you are going to become my resident financial "go-to" girl on the dis.
Since this entire mess started I'm trying to become a least a little "smarter"
Ok now my question of the day. If they didn't bail out AIG what would happen? Would thousands upon thousands of people and business lose their insurance along with all that money pump into it?
I have to tell you, the Fed jumped in to buy this thing for one reason.....and it wasn't because of their insurance business. It was because they have a 400 Billion dollar Derivatives Book, or "Credit Default Swaps". This is the scary "meltdown" scenario....all connected with the Shadow Banking System.
Credit Default Swaps (CDS) are essentially insurance policies sold to protect some kind of security that I purchased. If my investment drops too much, well, the insurance company will pay face value of the CDS that they sold to me.
So, say I run a Hedge Fund, and I go out and purchase a large chunk of mortgage debt (Collateralized Mortgage Obligation or CDO) that has been bundled together and sold by yet another hedge fund or investment bank. I'm a hedge fund owner, and so I like to "hedge" my bets a bit. So I go to AIG and buy that Credit Default Swap on my newly purchased CDO.
Believe it or not, these credit default swaps were sold like candy, and they were sold on every type of debt imagineable, but linked to securitized mortgages in unprecedented numbers. The models put together by the financial geniuses at these companies were built on the idea that housing prices never fall. I kid you not. That's the honest truth.
And so, when you're a hedge fund heavily invested securitzed mortgages, and you're leveraged 30:1 or *more*, (meaning that you're holding about 3% in cash), and housing drops 20%, well your creditors now require that you put up more collateral (cash) because your credit to debt ratio has dropped considerably. You're in trouble.....this is called a "Margin call".
Well, no problem you think.....I'll go over to my friends at AIG with my handy dandy Credit Default Swap and I'll be all good. But all of *their* models also showed that housing prices would never drop. So they sold so many CDS, well, it was like free money wasn't it? Except housing prices fell, and they fell bigtime.
So, what it comes down to is that AIG needed 80 Billion dollars by today to meet Credit Default Swap obligations. If they didn't get that money, and that 80 Billion didn't get paid, then it could "in theory" spiral out of control because all of these banks, investment banks, insurance companies are so interconnected. The problem is....everyone is soooooo overleveraged, that one relatively minor money wrench in the derivatives market is enough to set off a chain reaction and a resulting market crash until cooler heads prevail.
I think we'll read very long novels in the coming years about how close we came to that yesterday. A sort of Chernobyl of the financial world if you will.
So, don't let them fool you that this was about "protecting the policy holders". That a huge load of BS.
I hope all of this makes sense.....lol!