I think the fundamental problem with assertions that Nader, Perot or any other third party candidate handed the election to another party is that it is likely that Nader voters, for example, would have stayed home instead of voting for Gore. They were clearly very dissatisfied with Gore just as Perot voters were clearly very dissatisfied with Bush. Switching their vote is not the only likely outcome -- in fact, probably not the most likely outcome -- of removing the third party option.