I just went through this with my 10 year old Whirlpool. It would fill and agitate, but not drain.
To get the water out, as pp stated, take the drain hose out of the pipe it is draining in to and find something low and shallow to drain. If the hose is lower than where the hose goes into the machine, gravity will drain it (I used an old cat litter jug, took many trips to fill/empty...).
If money is a concern now, make sure to check it is not the lid switch. I thought mine was the pump, which would have been either $165 for the plumber to come out, or buy new washer $$$. I googled and found to check the lid switch first.
Start a small empty load (or try it with the water you have now, just make sure it is in the cycle part where it is supposed to drain...), then when it doesn't drain, take a wood dowel or pencil, and push it gently down in the hole where the lid "pin" on the lid (?) would normaly go. If it starts to drain, then you know it is the lid switch. If it is really busted you may have to move the dowel around a bit to catch the switch. In my case the switch looks sort of like a box with a pedal on the edge. The pedal gets depressed by the lid peg, which keeps the machine going. The box broke apart, so the pedal was kind of just flimsy and wouldn't click on.
Mine was a $12 for the part and about 15 minutes to replace myself.
Huge budget saver for me!