This news is incredibly disappointing and completely preventable. They clearly weren't maintaining their cooling towers.
A cooling tower is part of the HVAC system (air conditioning) used for large spaces. It uses circulated water in a closed system to provides cool air through room vents (from the cool water). The system then circulates the warm water back to the tower to re-cool it and send it back out again to continue the cooling cycle.
If the bacteria that causes legionnaires disease is present, it can be blown out through the vents (carried by small droplets of the system's water) and potentially inhaled, causing the disease. Just like other diseases, not everyone exposed will get sick and the bacteria may or may not have been present in the water during your visit. As I understand it, the bacteria can't live very long outside of water and you need to inhale it, to contract the disease (so you can't transmit person to person or from surfaces). Hand washing isn't the solution to this one.
Single Cooling towers are capable of covering large office buildings, indoor malls, etc., it would likely be used in rides like Pirates and other large indoor spaces (I have no idea what the subject tower(s) actually covered).
Cooling towers always have water in them, and sort of similar to a pool, must be monitored and treated regularly. It bothers me that 1) the bacteria was allowed to flourish; 2) they did not catch it through routine testing; and 3) the health department had to uncover the potentially fatal issue.
We have a trip planned in a few weeks and are traveling with an adult over 50 with chronic respiratory disease. If she were exposed, she would be in the category that is at greater risk for death.
While I'm sure this will be a huge wake up call, and the towers and HVAC systems will likely be extremely safe in the future, we are likely cancelling our five day trip. It's too soon to be sure it's fully handled and I'm not willing to risk it.
For a company known for its safety record, this is a pretty big black eye. It was so preventable.