This is a basic list...
Tools: They have basic sets in the jewelry dept at Mike's, Joann's, and ACMoore, with a coupon, that won't cost too much. You need a wire cutter, flat nose pliers, and round nose pliers (for later when you are making loops for earrings and stuff like that)
Clasps: I'd start with toggle clasps, as they are easy to work with, and easy to use.
Crimps: get a pack to match the color of the clasps. They are very tiny, like seed beads.
Beading Wire: They sell this at the big 3 also, get something that is .19", as it is easy to use with the crimps, and most beads. Again, get the color that matches the clasp
That's the basics needed. With a coupon, should be under $20.
Bead design, I try to go with the rule of 3's. For a necklace, 3 large focal beads, then have some medium sized beads, then have some small beads, either 4mm or seed beads. Bead on a towel with a nap, to keep the beads from rolling around. Create a design, and you are ready. Check out that website at About.com for instructions on how to attach the clasp to the wire using the crimps. And check for a
youtube if you are a more visual learner...they have same great videos there.