No, you can't. There are no resort buses at the TTC. Take the monrail from the Poly to the MK and then grab the bus to the Dolphin from there.
Another option is to take the bus to the Studios and from there, either walk or take the boat to the Dolphin.
If the parks are closed when you are traveling, then your only Disney tranportation option is to bus to DD and transfer to the Dolphin bus there. Rather than that, I'd opt for a cab - quick and easy. Cost will be less than $15, including tip.
If you are in a big hurry (no matter what time of the day or night), take a cab.
Best wishes -