There is nothing like Mickey's Philharmagic at
Disneyland unfortunately. The movie mentioned by the other poster is on Main Street and is a history of Disneyland narrated by and starring Steve Martin. This is something for the 50th and if you are into Disney history should not be missed as I assume it will be removed and replaced with the Abe Lincoln exhibit that is usually there once the 50th ends this fall.
Fantasyland at Disneyland is superior and has several rides that can't be found at WDW: Mr. Toad, Alice in Wonderland, Pinocchio, Storybookland Canal Boats (I love this one at dusk, it is so peaceful and pretty), Casey Jr. Circus Train (I would skip this one as you see basically the same stuff on the canal boats and this line is a slow mover). Peter Pan is better at DL IMHO but Snow White is better in WDW, again IMHO! Also the Matterhorn is in Fantasyland and not scary but really bumpy and jerky. So if that bothers you avoid at all costs! It is similar but even bumpier than WDW's Space Mountain. Speaking of Space Mountain, Disneyland's has been refurbed and its wonderful. Nothing like WDW's, much smoother, with cool music and affects. Also so much easier to get in and out of than the ride vehicles on WDW's versioin. Nothing scary, no big drops or anything like that. I would also suggest riding the train, DL's is a bit different with a very nice Grand Canyon/prehistoric dinosaur sequence not found at WDW. It can also be a nice way to get from one area to another while you rest your feet!
Pirates is far superior at Disneyland, much longer and just better. I agree that Blue Bayou is wonderful. If you can't get an ADR ,than I might suggest one of the cs places in New Orleans Square. Since WDW doesn't have this "land" you might enjoy it. The French Market is good and they usually have live jazz on Sunday's. Riverbelle Terrace is also nice with wonderful views of the Rivers of America and Tom Sawyer's Island.
In Adventureland, Indiana Jones is a great ride. Same ride vehicle as Dinosaur in AK but a far superior ride with just incredible theming and effects. It is also smoother than Dinosaur. Splash Mountain and Big Thunder Mountain are fun to do but pretty much like WDW's counterparts, so I would make sure you see the unique things in Adventureland and Fantasyland before seeing those. Als, you don't sound too thrilled with rollercoaster type rides. I think you mentioned Honey I Shrunk the Audience. Disneyland's version is completely identical to WDW's and a somewhat dated show. If you are planning any upcoming trip to WDW where you would have more time I would save this show for that trip. I like it, but it can be a tad time consuming with the pre show. Now if you are huge fans of that movie, by all means go and see it!
Above all see Remember! It is by far the best fireworks display I have seen at any Disney park and a must see! Fantasmic is better at DL, go to the later show if they have one, it is less crowded. And again, I think it is better but still very similar to WDW's version but without all that nice seating. So if that isn't a favorite of yours, don't waste your time. And i wouldn't compromise seeing Remember from the hub, Main Street or near Small World (you miss some affects but still have a great view and they project very cool images on Small World exterior and you don't have to stake a spot as early) to see Fantasmic. The parade is also wonderful and something unique for the 50th.
So my advice (for what its worth

) is to get there early, 30 minutes before park opening, meaning get to the gate 45 minutes before park opening. They open Main Street 30 min early if the park opens at 9:00 or later. See Fantasyland first since there are no fastpass attractions in Fantasyland. Then you can tour the other lands as you wish. We can generally see Fantasyland in around one hour if we get there first thing.
I think you are smart to skip California Adventure. I love the park but you can pretty much do everything there in one form or another at WDW. The exception to this Aladdin. It is an incredible show but with your one day schedule just not feasible I suppose.
Good luck! With your knowledge of WDW, especially fastpass and arriving early, you should be able to get a lot done. I have done Ridemax, it is not nearly as detailed as Tourguide Mike but can help you come up with a very detailed itinerary. It will even figure in breaks, ask you how fast you like to tour etc. Have a great time and be sure to post a trip report and let us know what you think about the original!