You can't compare it now, because women go to OBs and are treated for things like preeclampsia. Many breech births or other difficult births are dealt with by C-sections, not things that midwives can handle.
I'm sure that midwives are more nurturing and provide a more touchy-feely experience.
And the thing that would put me off a birth center is you can't always identify who will end up needing a higher level of care...lots of times, emergencies pop up. I have one former co-worker who tried to deliver at home with a midwife and ended up needing to go to the hospital for a c-section.
I have another who ended up needing a life-saving hysterectomy. Her delivery wasn't progressing well at the hospital, so they decided to go for the C-section, and while they delivered the baby, they realized there was another problem so severe that a hysterectomy had to be performed on the spot. If she'd tried to deliver naturally, she would have bled to death.
Why take a chance with something so important? Like I said, walking around and seeing all those dead women and children (everybody dying in childbirth, which was clear from the gravestones) in Cape Cod graveyards convinced me.
As someone who went to a birth center w/ both of my pregnancies (dd, now 6.5yo and ds, now 2yo)..and was transferred to the hospital w/ the first.... I WHOLEHEARTEDLY prefer a midwife at a birth center over a hospital birth, no contest.
Our birth center is across the street from the hospital and in fact they did a study and discovered that moms that were transferred from the birth center actually were prepped for any emergency c-sections FASTER than moms that were already in the hospital!
It may be that the midwives closely monitor the moms themselves and don't rely on machines?? I don't know but they have the stats to prove the results of the study.
In our case, I arrived at the birth center at 2:45pm already at 8cm and went to 10cm by 3pm. Once I started pushing dd's heartrate fell (as is normal) but then it wouldn't come back up again (which it was supposed to do). The midwife noted the problem at 3:10pm and we made the decision to transfer to the hospital by 3:20pm. At 3:31pm I was in the ambulance w/ an IV on my hands and knees on the gurney on the way across the street and started delivering dd at 3:40pm. Dd was born, forceps assisted delivery at 4:04pm in the hospital with the back up OB.
Turns out she had the cord wrapped around her neck and the cord was short. Both are common but not generally together. SO each time I pushed the cord wrapped tighter around dd's neck, causing her heartrate to drop.
Dd's APGARs were really great and she was perfect. BECAUSE of my midwife's close monitoring, we were able to make a decision quickly. The "emergency" processes that the birth center have in place worked exactly as they should have and I'm grateful for it.
I do have to say that I HATED the hospital. We were constantly bothered the entire night we stayed there. The nurses came in about 5 or 6 times insisting that I would get more rest if we sent dd to the nursery (no, I'll get more rest if you stop coming in to tell me this!) and really weren't much help at all. Dh and I found it very restrictive and not comfortable at all. It was "mandatory" to send the baby to the nursery (dh went w/ dd) to be bathed and checked over, and then she had to go into the warmer because the bath dropped her temperature.
Thankfully, we were able to leave the evening following the birth (about 28hrs after). We were all MUCH more comfy at home.
Conversely, we had ds at the birth center. We arrived at 4:01am in the middle of a snowstorm and he was born at 4:21am (I have quick labors... only 4hrs for dd and 2.5hrs for ds!). Ds also had excellent APGARs and never left our sides. Instead of a warmer, he was placed on my chest...skin to skin... with warm blankets on top of him. His temp was monitored and it came up pretty quickly. Dh, ds and I all napped for a few hours, had some breakfast, showered and then we gave ds his first bath! We left the birth center about 3:30pm the following afternoon.
The nurses from the birth center came to the house for a followup visit about 2-3 days after the birth (for both kids) and then we did the normal 6wk post partum check.
Our birth center only accepts moms that are "low risk." At the first sign of any kind of complication (pre-eclampsia, breech, multiples, etc.) they are referred to the back up OB and unless risk free must give birth at the hospital. They also consider any birth before 36wks or after 42wks as "high risk" and they must go to the hospital as well.
Going to a midwife or a birth center is NOT akin to crawling into a cave to give birth and cutting the umbilical cord w/ a rock. These women are trained for YEARS in "normal" childbirth and know what a complication looks like. They also know when to call in an OB when needed. Our birth center is fully equipped w/ many medical necessities...just no epidurals.
Oh and I gave birth to two kids w/o epidurals and would do so again in a millisecond. Sure it hurt but it was over quickly. I also have quick labors... if they were longer I may have needed one. I definitely feel that epidurals have a place in the birth tool box, I just don't think as many people need to use the tool as much as they currently do... if that makes any sense!
To be honest I would rather give birth w/o an epidural than have a root canal again. Tooth pain hurts WAY worse than childbirth!