Fifth Disease
What is fifth disease?
Fifth disease is a contagious viral illness that is much more common in children than adults. It is also known as "slapped cheek disease" because of the distinctive rash some people develop.
Fifth disease is spread mostly by coughs and sneezes. Generally, people can spread fifth disease only when flulike symptoms are present and before a rash develops. Some people with fifth disease, such as those who have certain blood disorders or impaired immune systems, may be contagious for extended periods.
What causes fifth disease?
Fifth disease is caused by a virus called human parvovirus B19.
What are the symptoms?
Symptoms develop 4 to 14 days after exposure to the virus. Initial symptoms usually resemble a mild flu, sometimes followed by a bright red rash on the face, and later a blotchy rash on the body. The rash usually fades within 2 to 5 days and may reappear with exposure to sunlight, warm temperatures, or stress.
Joint pain and swelling, lasting several weeks or even months, and headache may also occur. Adults develop these symptoms more often than children.
During outbreaks of fifth disease, as many as 50% of infected people do not develop a rash and approximately 25% of people infected do not have any symptoms.1
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