Democratic unity starts to show cracks
By Alexander Bolton
Posted: 12/24/08 04:53 PM [ET]
Democrats head into 2009 with sky-high expectations but points of intra-party friction are already starting to show a month before President-elect Obamas inauguration, forecasting bigger fights next year.
Veteran Democrats say the party has become more split along parochial interests since Democrats last controlled majorities as large as they will in the 111th Congress.
They say the growth of their majorities in Congress, which has ushered in a new cadre of lawmakers from conservative-leaning states and those with new views on old policy problems, has only made the Democratic caucuses less governable.
Because the Democratic caucus is itself diverse, reflecting many different points of view, it will be a challenge for the leadership to keep that coalition of interests together on the priorities established, said former Democratic Sen. Richard Bryan (Nev.). That will be a big challenge.
To the extent our majorities have increased its a more difficult challenge, he added. But Im not saying it cant be done.
Over the next year and beyond Democratic leaders will have to referee strong disagreements within their party over the budget, immigration, trade and energy production, not to mention an array of smaller disputes that few foresee today.
The recent flap over evangelical minister Rick Warren, whom Obama tapped to deliver his inaugural invocation to the angry dismay of gay and liberal activists, has reminded Democrats of the potential vehemence of factions within their party.
Some activists also gripe that Obama has not appointed enough prominent liberals to his cabinet and inner circle of advisers.
Centrists are already defending the president from left-wing criticism.
I consider myself a moderate and I think Barrack Obama is going to be president of the American people and not just president of the Democratic Party, said Rep. Eliot Engel (D-N.Y.). My Democratic colleagues who might say that Obama is not doing what he should do as a Democrat, theyre dead wrong, he is doing it and he will do it.
I dont think this is the time that American people want radical shifts, he added.
President Bushs departure from office, while celebrated by many Democrats around the country, is a mixed blessing for strategists who used him to galvanize activists.
Even among leaders there are signs of some tension. Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid (D-Nev.) and House Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif.) have thrown brush-back pitches at the incoming administration to make clear that Obama and his advisers should not expect Congress to do the White Houses bidding automatically.
Reid has said Vice President-elect Biden will not be allowed to attend the weekly Senate Democratic lunch except on a few occasions, a striking contrast to the open door invitation Republicans extended to Vice President Cheney over the past eight years.
Pelosi meanwhile has told White House chief of staff Rahm Emanuel in no uncertain terms that he should not expect the free rein to meet with House lawmakers that he once enjoyed as Democratic caucus chairman. Pelosi has told the administration that it must deal with her before trying to negotiate deals with rank-and-file members.
Reid and Pelosis actions reflect the determination of many Democrats in Congress not to be condescended to. And while many lawmakers are excited about Obamas incoming administration, they are fed up with the steady erosion of power from Congress to the White House that that became a conspicuous feature of the Bush years.
What we complain about is: You dont give up legislative power to any executive, said Democratic Rep. Gregory Meeks (N.Y.). I dont think we should give up any legislative party just because the president is of the same party. We should stand up for our power. There are two separate branches of power. You dont give up the power and you dont let them take you for granted.
It remains an open question whether Obama will relinquish the power that accrued to the presidency under Bush, who pushed the limits of his authority with signing statements, warrantless surveillance, the establishment of military tribunals and by often invoking executive privilege to shield advisors from Congress.
Cheney, during a recent media appearance, predicted that the Obama administration is not likely to cede that authority back to the Congress.
I think theyll find that given a challenge they face theyll need all the authority they can muster, he stated.
Obamas advisors may also become impatient with what may seem at times like an army of Lilliputians in Congress attempting to tie strings to his ambitious change agenda.
Reid and Pelosi have forged leadership styles of consensus-building and while frequent hash sessions may lessen the chances of intra-party blowups, they are time consuming.
For example, House Democrats spent months after winning control of Congress in 2006 forging a position on how to wind down the war in Iraq. While the partys position on the war seems established, next years debate over healthcare reform looms.
Senior House Democrats, such as Majority Whip Steny Hoyer (Md.) and Rep. Pete Stark (D-Calif.), chairman of the Ways and Means Health Subcommittee, have warned that the House will move more slowly than the Senate on healthcare.
Obama advisor David Plouffe has said the incoming president will use his e-mail list of 13 million supporters to push his policies. Several political analysts have suggested the list could be used to wage grassroots campaigns to pressure recalcitrant members of Congress. That strategy, although potentially effective, could build resentment among lawmakers who would not appreciate White House-prompted badgering from their constituents.
Veteran Democrats say that larger majorities will not necessarily make it easier for leaders to pass legislation, noting that while Republicans are in disarray there is less motivation for the Democrats to stay unified.
Theyre always demanding, when I was in Congress we had 292 Democrats and on all the issues he had to hustle to get the votes, said former Rep. Marty Russo (D-Ill.), who served as House Democratic floor whip in the 1980s.
He said House Democrats have become more factionalized since they last controlled a large majority.
I think its more spread out than it ever was, said Russo. Now you have five or six caucuses, you have the Hispanic caucus, the Black caucus, the progressive caucus, the Blue Dog Coalition and the New Democrat Coalition.
Before it was liberals, moderates and conservatives, it was easier, he stated. Pelosi has it more difficult but shes handling it well.
Russo and other Democrats say that Pelosi has managed to tame the caucus by ensuring that each group has a chance to participate in leadership debates.
One of Democratic leaders biggest challenges will be to resolve disagreements over how much money to spend at a time of soaring federal deficits and a national economic crisis. They are drafting an economic stimulus package that could reach $850 billion and some lawmakers want it to swell to a trillion dollars.
Rep. Maurice Hinchey (D-N.Y.) a member of the House Appropriations Committee, said the stimulus package should cost between $1 trillion and $1.5 trillion and warned against excessive interference from the administration.
The legislature has the responsibility to determine the amount of money in the package, not the president, he said.
This and other spending debates will pit fiscally conservative southerners against colleagues. While members of the conservative Democratic Blue Dog Coalition want the costs of new legislation offset with spending cuts or tax increases, others want to jettison these budget restrictions altogether.
Democrats from manufacturing states are also gearing up for a battle against colleagues from financial centers such as New York and San Francisco over trade policy.
Most of the leadership of Congress comes from servicing centers, finance centers or capital cities, parts of the country where the real wealth comes from have been beaten down by Wall Street, said Rep. Marcy Kaptur, a Democrat from Ohio and an outspoken critic of many free trade agreements.
Kaptur said there is a growing number of Democrats who question the benefits of free trade agreements on the nations economy as a whole. She argued that these agreements have benefited finance centers such as New York and hurt manufacturing centers such as Michigan and Ohio.
Some Democrats might find themselves wishing Bush and Cheney were still on the public scene to serve as unifying bogeymen.
It was a sad moment for Democrats when Newt Gingrich retired from the House, said former Sen. Bryan, referring to the former Republican speaker from Georgia, who was a lightning rod for Democrats in an earlier era.