There is a window next to the door when you walk in, they are fairly tall, there are privacy curtains and sheers so the light can come in. There are room tours available on YouTube, search Little Mermaid Rooms at AoA.
I am not sure about that. The Starcruiser didn’t have windows. The windows at most of the value resorts don’t open (can’t recall if the windows in our AoA suite could open) so you get light, but they can’t be used as an emergency escape or anything that would make a window required by law. I think most hotel rooms have windows just to keep them from being so gloomy during the day.
I think so long as the hotel has sufficient emergency exits, windows would not be required. However, I would not stay in a hotel that didn’t have them (or stay in an inside cabin on a cruise either).
The Starcruiser rooms did have a window, they were just behind the paneling/'space window' and not visible. One of the 'panels' could be opened to allow access in an emergency. FYI.