Prozac, generic name Fluoxetine
Fluoxetine is also known and classified as a bicyclic antidepressant, meaning that the chemical structure of the drug consists of two rings.
This drug started out life as an antihistamine, diphenhydramine, which was found to inhibit the reuptake of the monoamine neurotransmitter serotonin. Fluoxetine is fairly stimulating, yet is an approved treatment for anxiety related conditions; even more converse is the fact that anxiety is one of the most (if not the most) frequent side effect of fluoxetine therapy. The drug also possesses a remarkably long half life which has proven useful in the treatment of more reluctant patients; should they suddenly stop taking the drug, the antidepressant effect will remain for a fair amount of time, hopefully long enough for the cessation to be noticed and rectified. Currently fluoxetine is available for use in children as young as eight, should psychotherapies fail.
Fluoxetine fast became an infamous drug under the brand name of Prozac; millions were prescribed the drug, largely due to an extremely effective and extensive advertising campaign. Unfortunately, the medication became controversial towards the end of the century due to an increased risk of suicidal behaviour amongst patients treated with the drug.
The most common side effects are anxiety, headaches, nervousness, insomnia, fatigue, tremor, dizziness, dry mouth, weight loss (possibly leading to anorexia), excessive sweating, nausea and diarrhea; fluoxetine also causes mania in approximately 6% of patients. Maximum therapeutic effect usually manifests after a period of a month to a month and a half.