I taught myself photography as sort of a bucket-list thing after having a bout of cancer. I’m no slouch to learning and had the time to devote to it. I used various methods to study, and bought a lot of the latest equipment, at the time. After several years, I got pretty good at it. But although I could usually crank out some pretty nice pictures, I always felt there was a little something missing because I hadn’t had formal training. For sure, I was ahead of the game - I would sometimes stop to ‘talk shop‘ to other ‘photographers’, and was often surprised to learn they kept their high-tech equipment on Auto all the time and weren’t even able to engage in basic conversation about things like exposure, manual settings or RAW data, etc. At least I had a pretty good working knowledge and use of those things.
But I turned down plenty of requests to do weddings and portraits because I didn’t have the confidence to handle those so-important things really well if someone was paying me; it seemed like too much pressure (when I already have a high-pressure career) so I wanted to mainly keep it as something I did for fun (and often gave away my pictures for free). But my point is that, I think there is a lot to be said for formal training in photography even if others seem to do it on-the-fly. Sure, camera, processing, and other equipment has come a long way, but if the person using it isn’t able to operate it to its fullest, or easily, then it’s not as good as it can be. And there is a lot of that out there.
So I would favor getting the degree if that’s what he’s passionate about, and I’m sure he could launch a career that would lead him to places that are hard to imagine right now, as others have said. (And, as I told my own kids, it could be the place he meets his future spouse or something!) The other thing he could consider, besides getting a degree, would be seek out more of a technical program in photography. Something to build confidence and credentials.
Lots of options:
Photography Schools