Attorney General Eric Holder recently signed amendments to Title II, 28 CFR Part 35 (Non-discrimination in State and Local Government Services) and Title III, 28 CFR Part 36 (Non-discrimination in Public Accommodations). Although there are many aspects of these amendments, one aspect of interest is that the amendments change and clarify the definition of “service animal.” The changes go a long way towards resolving the confusion that has existed in recent years regarding service animals.
The Title II and Title III statute amendments will be published in the Federal Register soon, and the amendments will take effect 6 months from the date of publication. The Department of Transportation will probably also modify its ADA-implementing regulation 49 CFR Part 37, although little change will be required. Other federal departments, or State or local governments, may establish more detailed regulations so long as they are not inconsistent with this regulation.
The following are excerpts from the provisions of Title II.
In Definitions:
“Service animal means any dog that is individually trained to do work or perform tasks for the benefit of an individual with a disability, including a physical, sensory, psychiatric, intellectual, or other mental disability. Other species of animals, whether wild or domestic, trained or untrained, are not service animals for the purposes of this definition. The work or tasks performed by a service animal must be directly related to the handler´s disability. Examples of work or tasks include, but are not limited to, assisting individuals who are blind or have low vision with navigation and other tasks, alerting individuals who are deaf or hard of hearing to the presence of people or sounds, providing non-violent protection or rescue work, pulling a wheelchair, assisting an individual during a seizure, alerting individuals to the presence of allergens, retrieving items such as medicine or the telephone, providing physical support and assistance with balance and stability to individuals with mobility disabilities, and helping persons with psychiatric and neurological disabilities by preventing or interrupting impulsive or destructive behaviors. The crime deterrent effects of an animal´s presence and the provision of emotional support, well-being, comfort, or companionship do not constitute work or tasks for the purposes of this definition.”