I receive lots of emailed resume (HR Mgr). I would put a brief sentence or two in the email and state which position you are applying to. If it is a multi-state company then also add the state since the same position might be open in several states.
For example, I am applying for the rocket scientist position which you have advertised for Mars.I can be reached at (555) 617-5309
Make sure to put the best way to contact you as well.
As for whether the email was received, it depends on the company. Some may send back an auto response which indicates it was received.
Otherwise I suggest you send a follow up email in a few days where you politely ask if the resume was received. I would not continue emailing after the 2nd email since you don't want to annoy the hiring manager.