It can be done, at least it worked one time with Budget at MCO. My wife, daughter, and I flew to Orlando. Daughter wanted to visit a friend in Tampa for a few days before joining us at Disney. Reservation was in her name. Apparently her CC was close to being maxed out and the "hold" was declined. They accepted my CC even though I wasn't on the reservation and had no intention of ever driving the car. They entered my DL number and there was no hassle or even any major delay. Maybe they listed me as an additional driver. Don't really remember. Or perhaps they changed the rental to me as primary and her as additional driver.
Wife and I used ME bus to reach Disney.
Oh, yeah, DD paid me back maybe six months later.
Jim
If they took your DL number they probably added you as additional driver.