Yes, I think you can get some decent photos, keeping your camera close to the glass. I have a few great photos taken thru the window of a tour-bus on Jamaica!
One other thing on window/door lighting and taking photos. Just in case some of you may find this helpful.... At our last vacation resort, I was taking photos of our gorgeous suite, looking out over the verandah and our view of the sea. Well, I thought to get the best view thru the windows and the sliding door, I would open that door and the screen door all the way back. Boy, sure was a lot of wash-out from the light outside - EXCEPT for where the screen was!!! I discovered that the screen acted like polarized sunglasses, cutting that glare, and creating the most beautiful photo of the view of ocean outside. So, try closing those screens! ( If they have screens - do not know if there are screen doors on the verandahs onboard?)