Have you (or anyone you know) ever had this?
What were the symptoms and what did you feel like? How long did it last and did you get any antibiotics?
Thanks!
Pneumonia is an inflammatory lung disease characterized by swelling of the air sacs of lungs, may be one or both, due to infection caused by bacterial, viral, fungal or any breathing foreign particle. According to American Lung Association, viruses are the most common cause of pneumonia in the United States and accounts for more than one-third of the total cases. Air sacs are more commonly affected in pneumonia, they become inflamed and fill up with fluid which results in breathing difficulties associated with the risk that this infection might travels to whole body.
Types of pneumonia
The types of pneumonia depend upon its causative agents. The four known causative agents of pneumonia are bacteria, virus, fungus and foreign breathing particles. Similarly, the signs and symptoms of pneumonia also vary with their causative agents.
Symptoms
Symptoms of pneumonia depends upon its causative agents; bacterial pneumonia show variable symptoms to pneumonia caused by viruses. The symptoms of pneumonia ranges from mild to severe depending upon its causative agents. Symptoms range from more than 7 to 10 days and then decline steadily. Most commonly seen symptoms of pneumonia includes: • Cough with phlegm or without sputum
• Fever and chills
• Loss of appetite
• Chest pain and tightness
• Trouble breathing
• Headache
• Fatigue and malaise
• Nausea and vomiting
• Confusion
• Clammy skin and swelling
In older adults, the symptoms are less intense with mild coughing fever and chest pain. However, the progression rate is comparatively high in older adults. In children, the symptoms of pneumonia include: • Fast breathing
• Indrawing of chest inhalation
• Wheezing
• Appetite loss
• Loss of consciousness
• Cold body temperature
• Convulsions in severe disease
Causes
There are 4 main known causative agents that causes pneumonia which are bacteria, virus, fungus and other foreign breathing object. The bacteria that causes bacterial pneumonia are Streptococcus pneumonia and Haemophilus influenza; these are the most common causes of bacterial pneumonia, however, Staphylococcus aureus is the common cause of pneumonia in drug abusers as well as adults with chronic conditions.
Haemophilus influenza considered to be the second most cause of pneumonia, this germ resides in the upper respiratory tract and cause problems with weak immunity holders. Other strains that causes pneumonia includes: Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA), Klebsiella Pneumonia, Legionella, Chlamydia pneumonia, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa.
Below given are the bacterial strains which do not account for common cases of bacterial pneumonia,
• Streptococcus Pyogenes
• Streptococcus Agalactiae
• Neisseria Meningitides
• Moraxella Catarrhalis
• Escherichia coli
The causative agents of viral pneumonia include Influenza virus, Human Parainfluenza Viruses (HPIVs),
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Pneumonia, Adenovirus. The fungal pneumonia is rarely contagious normally affect with weak immunity system. Pneumocystis jiroveciis is one of the common fungal pathogens that causes serious infections. Another type of pneumonia which is atypical pneumonia is also known as walking pneumonia mycoplasma pneumonia being the cause of most common type of walking pneumonia.
Treatment
Pneumonia is treated according to its etiology, however the general guidelines according to the America Lung Association for treatment are: • Take plenty of rest
• Take plenty of fluids
• Mechanical ventilation
• Maintain a proper and good diet
• In case of fever take NSAIDs such as aspirin or Ibuprofen
• Avoid or quit smoking
• Make sure you are not on any cough suppressants
• Maintain a close observation
Below given are the specific treatments for pneumonia: Bacterial pneumonia, once diagnosed, should be treated through antibiotic therapy. These antibiotics include first line drugs for Streptococcal Pneumonia and second-generation Cephalosporin with or without Macrolides. These Macrolides include: Azithromycin or erythromycin. In some cases, when the patient is in critical condition, Quinolones are also being advised. Additionally, chest physiotherapy, intravenous fluid, analgesia, oxygen supplements respiratory therapy, ventilation with low tidal volumes, proper hydration and mobilization are some other measures that should be taken care of.
Viral pneumonia does not need antibiotic
therapy.in this case, antiviral therapies may be prescribed to treat the patient. Specifically, in the case of influenza pneumonia, rimantadine hydrochloride and amantadine hydrochloride are recommended. For PIV pneumonia, oral and aerosol form of ribavirin is recommended.
Other than this patient might need supplemental oxygen in case of breathing difficulty.
Prevention
Preventive measures to avoid the spread of pneumonia include:
• Vaccination
These vaccinations are mainly available for influenza virus, Haemophilus influenza and pneumococcal bacteria. People who are pneumonia vaccinated are less likely to get infected and even if they are, they show milder form of symptoms which stays for a very small period of time. people over 65 years and children below 5 years are certainly benefited from the early vaccination similarly, people who smoke, drink, suffers from any heart or lung condition along with chronic liver conditions can also prevent theirselve from the infection if they get vaccinations on time.
• Hygiene measures such as use of antibacterial soap, sanitizers to kill the infected germs.
• Keeping your immunity system strong not just protect you from pneumonia but many other deadly diseases as well.
Home remedies for pneumonia
Along with medicinal treatment if a person opts for any home remedy from the list of many given below an immediate cure can be expected. These home remedies include: • Make use of herbal tea as much as you can
• In order to ease breathing and coughing, gargle with warm water
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