We've got a whole board on the DIS for questions like this. Use the link in my signature to check out the disABILITIES Board.
First, at the
parks:
You can rent wheelchairs or electric scooters (also called
ecvs) at the same place where strollers are rented at each park. Wheelchairs and ecvs are limited quantity and can't be reserved ahead of time. It's not usually a problem getting a wheelchair, but ecvs are in short supply and might be all gone soon after the park opens. If you park hop, your receipt will get you a wheelchair or
ecv at the next park without paying again, if they have any available (not usually an issue for wheelchairs, but can often be an issue for ecvs).
Parking:
There is handicapped parking available at each park, but it is sometimes a fair walk to get to the park gate. You do need a valid state issued (from your home state) handicapped parking permit to park there. They do usually have transport wheelchairs available to get from the handicapped parking area (not the regular lot) to the park entrance. If you can walk a bit and climb onto the parking lot tram, you will almost always end up closer to the gate parking in the regular lot.
Resorts:
The resorts do have a limited number of wheelchairs (no ecvs) available to lend out, first come, first served. Some people have reported very good luck with this. Other people have reported that the available wheelchair was not in the best condition or didn't suit their needs (narrow, when they needed extra wide or vice versa). People have reported it tok anywhere from a few minutes to a few hours to get another wheelchair.
Many people choose to rent ecvs/wheelchairs from one of the off-site rental companies. You'll find info on how to do that on the disABILITIES Board.