I have seen so many posts regarding the "Swine Flu" on different messaging boards, and have wondered how many people really know the different distinctions of Influenza. Some nurses that have already posted, are probably well aware of the distinctions as they see this stuff pretty much consistently during the cold and flu season, but I have never seen someone come out and explain things further so here we go. There are pretty much three (1) Influenzavirus A (2) Influenza virus B and (3) Influenza virus C, based on different readings there looks to be about five but we are typically only affected by the first two listed above. The first one Influenza virus A has two proteins which are found on it which make up the H and N:
(1) Hemagglutinin - H
(2) Neuraminidase - N
There are 16 different H subtypes and 9 different N subtypes, which commonly only H1, H2 and H3 are found in humans including N1 and N2. The word commonly is important because you could get other types of Inluenzavirus A, but basically the common ones we get are:
H1N1
H1N2
H2N1
H2N2
H3N1
H3N2
Now, those are only six of the sereotypes humans commonly get, but it doesn't mean you could not get some others that are out there. If you attempt to figure out all the combinations above, and if my math is right your looking at 144 types of possible Influenza A:
There have been a few posts on many sites where I have seen that people have not been swabbed, and for a doctor to say someone has "Swine Flu" would be inaccurate unless it could be confirmed. Many of the different types of Influenza A viruses have very similar symptoms across the board. Similar to another poster it makes me wonder the accuracy of the reported "Swine Flu" cases, especially if a doctor has reported it without swabbing someone and definitely confirming it first. I would presume that this has happened too out in the medical fields.
The Influenzavirus B has only one species, but can have many different strains to it. Because this virus isn't passed among many species, and typically people have formed an immunity to it already, there usually insn't a pandemic.
Although, I listed Influenza virus C above, its honestly not worth mentioning or going into detail since its typically pretty mild.
The wikipedia has some information on it, but I have found some other sites that explain the different types very well. I recommend reading more about it, and make sure you get swabbed to definitely determine if thats the type virus you have. I am sure some previous posters who are nurses, or doctors, or even studying for their doctrates could go into more detail....but the bottom line is that there are so many Influenza A type viruses, if your not swabbed then you don't really know what you have, most of the time the doctors are assuming based on what is prevalent in the area. That does drive me crazy though, since they should be taking the time to really identify it for sure, but that is another debatable thread all together. The Influenza vaccine also only covers a small amount of the Influenza virus, and not all the 144 serotypes are covered above, you can look any many sites about the Influenza vaccine, but here is some information from the wikie
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza_vaccine I recommend also looking at CDC, WebMD or any other health sites where you can find out with types of Influenza are covered. Oh, and lets not get into the Rhinovirus, another totally seperate thread