You kinda have to understand a bit of African American cultures. Blacks are more than 3x's as likely to drown than whites. I grew up in Harlem and it wasn't until I was almost 30 before I learned to keep my head under water and I went to the beach all the time.
I know it sounds ridiculous but my kids can't swim and yet we go to the Jersey shore all the time. My family goes to Disney world and we spend just as much time in the pool and water parks as we do in the 4 main parks. My oldest (19) is learning to swim because he goes to college and he has to take a PE class so decide on swimming.
Not one person in my family knows how to swim. My dh & I were boat owners for almost 10 years before we learned to swim and even now I would not call myself compatent (sp) in the water.
http://abcnews.go.com/WN/teens-drown-wading-louisianas-red-river/story?id=11312631
http://abcnews.go.com/WN/drowing-rate-black-kids-times-whites/story?id=10965334
For many minorities swimming lessons are way down on the things to pay for and if you live in the inner city like I did, where would you even go for lessons?
While all that is definitely true enough, the study that USA Swimming did for their new program found that cost was NOT the primary reason why African Americans mostly don't swim. The primary reason was parents' fear.
That old bullcrud "scientific" article from the 1930s that a PP mentioned was a big part of it, as was segregation, but somehow a myth was created that convinced an enormous number of American blacks that it was useless and dangerous for them to try to learn to swim, and that belief has been passed down for generations now. The problem, of course, is that it is just not TRUE. That "three times as likely to drown" statistic is true now, but it does NOT have to remain true for much longer. It can be stopped with this generation if enough people take steps to stop it. There is no physical reason for blacks to be any less individually able to swim than whites are, and that is why I'm pulling so hard for the Make a Splash program to be a success. It is creating opportunity for inner-city kids (and small-town kids, and suburban kids), but more importantly it is going to the heart of the matter: the fear.
This is from the actual survey results, at
http://swimfoundation.org/Document.Doc?id=66
...
2. Fear of injury and drowning found to be strong predictor variables of no and/or low swimming ability.
a. Multiple regression analysis, comprised of variables fulfilling the primary research objectives (page 4), revealed child and/or parent "fear of drowning" and "concern for getting injured while swimming" by child/parent/caregiver to be two significant predictor variables of swim ability.
b. The "fear of drowning" (or absence of fear) was found to be the strongest overall predictor of swimming ability among the variables under investigation.
(1) Free/reduced school lunch recipients reported significantly higher fear of injury/drowning than non-qualifiers.
(2) Black/African American and Hispanic/Latino respondents reported significantly higher fear of injury than White respondents.
(3) Black/African American respondents reported significantly higher fear of drowning than White respondents.
c. Interviews with parent/caregivers demonstrate a state of fear restricting children from participating in swim lessons.
(1) A parent in Boston, who does not allow child to swim shared, "[FONT=Verdana,Verdana][FONT=Verdana,Verdana]I know how I am and she knows if I panic, if mommy feels like anyt[/FONT][/FONT][FONT=Verdana,Verdana][FONT=Verdana,Verdana]hing is going wrong, it’s over… as she starts getting uncomfortable I jump right in[/FONT][/FONT]
."
(2) A parent in Minneapolis/St. Paul admitted keeping her daughter out of swim lessons, stating, "[FONT=Verdana,Verdana][FONT=Verdana,Verdana]I’m scared…. I’m [/FONT][/FONT][FONT=Verdana,Verdana][FONT=Verdana,Verdana]scared for her[/FONT][/FONT][FONT=Verdana,Verdana][FONT=Verdana,Verdana]… [/FONT][/FONT][FONT=Verdana,Verdana][FONT=Verdana,Verdana]while it[/FONT][/FONT][FONT=Verdana,Verdana][FONT=Verdana,Verdana]’s the cost, I’m scared…I’m scared for her, I don’t know, I’m kinda scared, but she’s not [/FONT][/FONT][FONT=Verdana,Verdana][FONT=Verdana,Verdana]afraid[/FONT][/FONT]."
3. Family and parental swimming involvement/encouragement found to be critical to child’s swimming ability.
a. Items associated with encouraging a child to swim (e.g. My parents/caregivers encourage me to swim) were tested and found to be a significant contributor to a child’s swimming ability.
(1) White respondents were significantly more likely to provide/receive family/parental encouragement to swim.
(2) Recipients of family/parental encouragement to swim were significantly:
1. more skilled swimmers
2. less worried about injury/drowning
3. more likely to enjoy swimming and desire to swim more
b. As stated by a Boston parent, "[FONT=Verdana,Verdana][FONT=Verdana,Verdana]A lot of African American and Latinos don’t swim because their parents don’t swim, they don’t encourage it. I think we need to educate the parents o[/FONT][/FONT][FONT=Verdana,Verdana][FONT=Verdana,Verdana]n the importance of swimming as a life saving skill. [/FONT][/FONT][FONT=Verdana,Verdana][FONT=Verdana,Verdana]You know they just don’t really value swimming as an important life saving skill. Cause they didn’t swi[/FONT][/FONT][FONT=Verdana,Verdana][FONT=Verdana,Verdana]m[/FONT][/FONT]
."
c. As revealed within this report a majority of parents/caregivers (54%) self-reported low swimming ability while approximately one-third (34%) of the adolescent respondents agreed with the statement My parents/caregivers know how to swim.
...
I live in an urban environment, and I see black families out swimming all the time. I see them at the Y where my younger one takes lessons, and it is clear at open swim that most of the kids really don't know what they are doing. Our aquatics program manager is just wonderful -- she prowls around at open swim and looks for kids like this, and sweet-talks their parents into signing them up for class. The kids usually do great, but very often their poor parents sit on the deck biting their fingers down to the first knuckle. Please, I don't care what color you are, but even if you are afraid or don't want to swim yourself, do your best not to hold your kids back.
Also, one other thing occured to me today while I was thinking about what happened in Shreveport today, and what happened near St. Louis four years ago. Thanks to the prevalence of organisms such as giardia in freshwater streams, lots of kids who DO know how to swim do not know how they should react if they encounter someone in trouble in a stream, because they have never been swimming in a natural stream and don't know what it is like. My own son, who swims like a fish in both pools and in the ocean, and who is currently training for a lifeguarding certification, has never been swimming in a natural body of fresh water. When I got home today I talked to him about it, and he now knows never to try to rescue someone in a stream or open water without taking in some sort of flotation device with him. I told him that if something like this ever happens at a party, grab an ice chest, flip it over and dump it, and get it to the person in distress, and that it is a good idea to take in a rope, too, if one is available.
Another good idea that I've heard for kids who know how to swim: have them jump in a pool fully clothed as if it were cold outside, coat, shoes and all. It is really a good idea for kids to get a chance to know what it feels like to try to swim like that.
PS: Just FTR, my DD's current YMCA swim instructor is African American -- AND a girl! There are actually 3 African American instructors at my Y, two of them female. The community pool I use also has four African American lifeguards, though all of them are male. The Post-Dispatch ran an article a couple of weeks ago about the cultural issue, and among the people that they interviewed was an aquatics instructor at an area YMCA that has a predominantly African-American clientele: she is 91, and did not learn to swim until she was 62.
http://www.stltoday.com/lifestyles/health-med-fit/article_ad4ed0de-d03f-57f3-8258-700298524c76.html
I really don't mean to pick on you, Eliza, but I think that this shows that that cultural tide is finally beginning to show signs of turning, and I think it's a really good thing that we all need to encourage. Perhaps when your eldest finishes learning to swim he can teach you, so that you can teach your younger ones.