The recipient's odds are much better with a transplant than with dialysis, assuming that the individual isn't totally negligent regarding immune suppressive drugs, etc. The situation isn't as simple as "he could survive decades with dialysis"--although it is technically true that this could happen, it is far more likely that it won't. A living donor transplant, when available, is the right answer for almost any young person with end stage renal disease.
As far as the surgical recovery time goes, although complications are possible with any major surgical procedure, being incapacitated to the point of being unable to travel after a nephrectomy would definitely be the exception rather than the rule.