You will not need or receive anything more than the email confirmation. You don't say what airline you are flying, however, which makes it difficult to outline exactly what the process will be like. In general, you will need a boarding pass and a photo ID to pass through security at the airport. If you are on most airlines and have assigned seats, you can check in online anytime starting about 24 hours before your flight and get a boarding pass then, but there's no real reason to do so if you're checking bags since you'll have to wait in line at the airport to do that anyway. If you're on Southwest, post again because there are some major differences. You'll want to bring your email confirmation to the airport, but most times you won't need to use it.
Depending on the airport, you can check your bags curbside with a skycap, at a self-service kiosk or by just waiting in the main ticketing/check-in line. The latter always is an option and most airport have the other two as well, but not always and not always for all airlines. If you're unsure and will be more comfortable getting assistance from an actual person, you can go to the skycaps, but most airports now charge $2 per bag plus tip. They can take your bags and give you your boarding pass. If you use the main ticketing/check-in line, they also can check your bags and give you your boarding passes. Then, depending on the airport and/or airline, they may take your bag for you or you may have to take your bag to another location to drop it off for x-ray screening. They'll take it from there, however.
After that, it's just a matter of getting through security, finding your gate and waiting for them to board. I recommend checking out the
TSA Web site for information about what is and is not allowed in carry-on luggage, including oh-so-special rules regarding liquids and gels. The actual boarding procedure at the gate will vary greatly based on what airline you're flying, so post that information so someone can provide more detailed information.