i don't do it anymore but when i did-
i cooked in bulk on sundays (did it in batches)-huge amounts of ground beef with onions in it-put them into freezer bags that can be pulled out for tacos/burritos (just add seasoning when you cook), spagetti (add seasoning to it and add sauce to it), manwich and hamburgar helper can be done with precooked meat...did multiple meat loafs (uncooked into a freezer bag-let thaw and toss in casserole to bake), lasagnas...and while i was doing this there would be a turkey or pot roast cooking to eat that night and have for lunches the following days.
i tried to do 2 big shoppings a month and kept a running list of stuff as i ran out of it-that way if i went to make something i could tell at a glance if i had the ingredients on hand.
trained everyone to separate laundry into 2 hampers-towel/sheet and clothing. that way i could tell at a glance if i had enough for a full load.
there is no shame in using paper plates-my kids still use them for snacks. i also got into the habit of putting stuff directly into the dishwasher as i used it (if you spray orange cleaner-the windex type on dishes, even if they sit in the sink or dishwasher a couple of days the stuff slides right off).
designate one day a week as the one you will use for md appts, dental appts, haircuts and things that can be planned in advance-that way you know in advance which day is off limits for anything else (our day was/still is friday afternoon because the kids get their minimum days on friday).
keep a master calendar out where everyone can see it that lists everyone's appts/obligations-then keep your own private calendar with you that lists the same. that way at home or away you know what's going on when you have to schedual something.
pick a pharmacy that either has an automated call in or internet system for re-fills (you can do them before they open so you can pick up on the way home)-if a dr. prescribes something ask them to call it in to the pharmacy, that way you can pick it up on the way home vs dropping off the perscription and waiting or making a second trip to pick it up.
my kids never did extracurriculars until recently (i did not have the time or energy to run them around, and then have to deal with homework, dinner and such). i know some parents who rideshare for group activities so that they only have to drive maybe twice a month.
the best advise i can give is to take care of YOU-if you let yourself get worn down and exhausted you will be much more likely to catch every virus your students bring into the classroom (and it will hit you much harder). so make sure you are getting enough rest (the world will not come crashing down if there are dishes in the sink and the family has to eat delivery pizza twice in one week

), eating healthy stuff (i had a backup supply of stuff in my desk drawer in case i did'nt have time to pack lunch-dinty moore stews, soup, tuna, anything that could be microwaved or fixed quickly-much better than grabbing junkfood or going without), and getting some down time. for me 'down time' was a hot bubble bath and a tabloid-even 30 minutes of alone, guiet time can make a huge difference.