I don't really know what you mean by "quote a price before boarding" but I will try to answer your question.
The prices of taxis are set by the government on France. Each taxi is equipped with a "counting machine" which gives you the price at the end of the ride.
We you board the taxi, you cannot know the exact price you will pay, because it will depend on the distance, but also on the time (for example if there are traffic jams) it will take.
But you can ask the driver to give you approximatively the price you will pay to go from one place to another.
I think it's not really different from the other countries I visited, including the US and the UK.