https://disneyworld.disney.go.com/resorts/caribbean-beach-resort/services-amenities/
and
http://allears.net/acc/faq_cbr.htm
and
http://www.buildabettermousetrip.com/disneys-caribbean-beach-resort/#amenities
These three sites will help you determine what types of amenities they have
Food wise, take snacks that you like to eat.
If you want to eat breakfast in your room, pack instant oatmeal or anything that does not require refrigeration. You can get a half gallon of milk at the little grocery store/marketplace they have on property. You can also get a half gallon (thereabouts) of orange juice for a decent price (a lot cheaper than the single servings)
Most coffee makers there require filters (they aren't the Keurigs or anything like that)
Depending on how long you stay, you might find it worthwhile to get the refillable mug (it would also depend on where your room is in relation to the place where you can get your mug refilled.
While you might not be staying at a DVC, you can look at their grocery order form here:
https://disneyvacationclub.disney.go.com/faq/pre-arrival-checklist/grocery-order/
It has the prices of their grocery items, including perishable items, that you can buy at other resort properties as well.