Clearly I am not a math person because I don't understand at all. My dh's paystub did not change, not one penny more deducted from either state or federal taxes. However, his FICA deduction changed from $80 to $426 in ONE check. That is huge. If that keeps up twice per month, we are talking $700. Dh is very nonchalant about the whole thing so I'm sure he won't call his HR or finance dept. Someone else posted about the max FICA can collect but that meant nothing to me. His last paystub from 2012 showed the total as $6574 but his deduction had been $80 for the last 4 months of 2012. I'm confused if they start this very high and then cut it back as the year goes on?
I suspect your DHs paystub has a single "FICA" line item deduction.
FICA is actually made up of two different taxes: a Social Security tax, and a Medicare tax.
The SS tax rate is 6.2% (this year - last year it was 4.2%), until you max out, then it goes to 0%
The Medicare tax rate is 1.45% and you pay it no matter what. There is no maximum. In fact, starting this year, this tax jumps to 2.35% when you hit $200K in income.
Your DH maxed out somewhere during the year on SS - your year end total of $6574 clearly indicates this, since the max SS last year was around $4600 on the first $110K of earnings. You probably maxed out SS at 7 or 8 months into the year, at which point the amount withheld would have dropped dramatically from 5.65% to only 1.45%.
Your DHs check returned to the standard 7.65% rate at the beginning of the year for the combined items. Once you max out SS again, it will go back down to just 1.45% until the end of the year, then the cycle will start all over again in 2014.
Since your husband has this high of a salary, I suspect you've seen this same pattern in previous years, you just weren't watching as closely so you didn't notice it.
I suggest everyone Google the different line items on their paychecks, and get to know what they are about, the rates, maximums etc. If you work in CA, there is SDI, for which the deduction percentage can vary year to year, and there is a maximum amount similar to SS, that also varies year to year. I'm sure other states have similar items. There is plenty of information on it all out there - you just need to look.